试论电子政府与行政流程重塑

电子政府是现代政府发展创新的动力之一,现代政府以向公民和社会提供优质高效的服务为宗旨。政府行政流程是政府管理活动的运作过程,国家公务员要登上电子政府工作平台,成为集成型行政人才。     

中国行政法治发展进程的回顾与前瞻

中国行政法治在 2 1世纪初既逢实施依法治国方略的重大机遇 ,又面临一系列新情况、新课题都亟待研究解决。 2 1世纪的中国行政法治将在一般论、主体论、行为论、救济论和部门论等方面获得更加积极而稳健的发展 ,呈现出民主化、科学化、法治化的复合演进轨迹 ,这一进程将与我国经济、政治、社会和思想文化以及其他法律领域产生强烈深刻持久的交互影响。     

我国民营经济发展历程及其作用

以民营经济内涵分析为起点，在对我国民营经济发展历程反思的基础上，探讨了我国民营经济发展在经济增长，新增就业机会，推动经济变革和现代化进程中的作用。     

政策转换为法律的正当程序研究

正当程序承载着正义、民主、自由、人权等价值,是民主与法治社会应当遵循的一项普遍法则。政策转换为法律作为民主与法治社会的一项制度,也应当遵循这一法则。同时,遵守正当程序可以保障政策转化为良法,可以保证政策转化为法律过程的正当性。遵循正当程序,就应该在政策转换为法律的过程中注重听取意见制度、公开与说明理由制度和避免偏私制度等。     

电子商务中间件技术的应用

电子商务是网络经济时代崭新的商务活动形式。由于网络应用的更新 ,促使电子商务向着多层次、跨平台的分布式体系不断迈进。中间件 (Middleware)技术一种基于标准、支持分布式应用、独立于计算机硬件及操作系统的开发和运行环境 ,将对电子商务的发展起到较大的推动作用。     

补充侦查制度新探

补充侦查作为一项侦查制度看似细小,却直接导致了一系列使制度被虚置、人权被侵犯的问题,这些问题的产生有着深刻的实际和理论背景。要改变这种状况,就必须在分析这些实际和理论背景的基础上对支撑补充侦查制度的理论进行探讨。只有建立正当法律程序在刑事侦查中的指导地位,并从理论和制度上进行重构,才能从根本上改变目前补充侦查存在的弊端。     

死刑的程序之维

死刑正当程序的必要性在于防止错杀与滥杀。死刑的正当程序既要满足普通司法规则,又是一种特殊、烦琐与代价高昂的程序。中国现行的死刑司法,未能充分满足普通司法规则,缺乏正当程序所应有的特殊性,且过于简化而代价低廉,因而不符合正当程序的要求。为了有效地防止错杀与滥杀,最大限度地减少死刑的适用,中国的死刑司法应该从正当程序的要求出发,尽快实现程序的正当化。     

FITTING THE FORUM TO THE FAMILY FUSS

This article analyzes advantages and disadvantages of mediation, collaborative law, and cooperative law based on the parties' capabilities, attitudes about professional services, and assessments of and preferences about the risks of various procedures. Each of these procedures has virtues and there is great value in providing clients and practitioners with a choice of procedures. Under collaborative and cooperative law, lawyers and clients agree to focus exclusively on negotiation from the outset the case, typically using a problem-solving process. Collaborative law involves a written "disqualification agreement" between all the parties and their lawyers under which lawyers are disqualified from representing parties in litigation if either party chooses to litigate. Cooperative law is similar but does not use the disqualification agreement. Because most communities do not have lawyers offering cooperative law, collaborative law groups should encourage at least some of their members to offer clients the option of cooperative law.     

STRICTLY LIABLE: GOVERNMENTAL USE OF THE PARENT–CHILD RELATIONSHIP AS A BASIS FOR HOLDING VICTIMS LIABLE FOR THEIR CHILD'S WITNESS TO DOMESTIC VIOLENCE

Studies estimate that between three and ten million children in the United States witness domestic violence annually. Although studies have demonstrated a co‐occurrence of domestic violence and child abuse, there is no concrete evidence to support the assumption that a child's exposure to domestic violence increases the risk to the child of abuse or neglect. Recently the New York State Court of Appeals determined that a child's witness to abuse does not suffice, in and of itself, to show that removal of the child is necessary or that removal is in the “best interests” of the child. Programs which have developed alternatives to presumptive removal understand the importance of viewing the interests of the battered parent and children as being in accord with each other rather than in opposition. Private and government sponsored programs have demonstrated some success in protecting the parent‐child relationship, ensuring the safety of both parent and child, and increasing accountability of batterers while reducing the necessity for removals. Alternative programs are less costly to the state than foster care, and emotionally less costly to the families.     

破产实体要件的审理程序研究

我国现行《破产法》并未明确将破产原因等破产实体要件作为当事人争议和法院审理的对象为其设定正式的审理程序。司法实践中,不少法院是把实体要件和形式要件都放在破产受理这一程序中进行审查的,这样做虽可在一定程度上消除人们对程序启动及案件受理效力等方面有关程序正当性的怀疑,但毕竟受理程序并非正式的审理程序,其程序空间较为狭小,难以承受审理破产实体要件的沉重任务。从增加整个破产程序运行的正当性和保障当事人的程序权利出发,新《破产法》有必要为破产实体要件设立较为正式的审理程序。